Last updated:
| State | Electricity Deregulation | Natural Gas Deregulation | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Alabama | No | No | Fully regulated markets. |
| Alaska | No | No | Fully regulated; isolated grids limit competition feasibility. |
| Arizona | No | Yes (partial) | Gas choice for some customers; electricity deregulation paused in 2000s. |
| Arkansas | No | No | Fully regulated markets. |
| California | Partial (limited choice) | Yes | Electricity choice limited post-2000s crisis; gas widely deregulated. |
| Colorado | No | Yes (partial) | Gas choice for some customers; electricity remains regulated. |
| Connecticut | Yes | Yes (commercial only) | Full electricity choice; gas limited to commercial/industrial. |
| Delaware | Yes | Yes | Full choice for both electricity and gas. |
| District of Columbia | Yes | Yes | Full choice for both electricity and gas. |
| Florida | No | Yes (partial) | Gas choice in some areas; electricity fully regulated. |
| Georgia | No | Yes | Pioneered gas deregulation; electricity remains regulated. |
| Hawaii | No | No | Fully regulated; unique island grid system. |
| Idaho | No | No | Fully regulated markets. |
| Illinois | Yes | Yes | Full choice for both electricity and gas. |
| Indiana | No | Yes | Gas deregulated; electricity remains regulated. |
| Iowa | No | Yes (partial) | Gas choice for some customers; electricity regulated. |
| Kansas | No | No | Fully regulated markets. |
| Kentucky | No | Yes (partial) | Gas choice in some areas; electricity regulated. |
| Louisiana | No | Yes (partial) | Gas choice for some customers; electricity regulated. |
| Maine | Yes | No | Electricity deregulated; gas remains regulated. |
| Maryland | Yes | Yes | Full choice for both electricity and gas. |
| Massachusetts | Yes | Yes | Full choice for both electricity and gas. |
| Michigan | Yes (limited, 10% cap) | Yes | Electricity choice capped; gas fully deregulated. |
| Minnesota | No | No | Fully regulated markets. |
| Mississippi | No | No | Fully regulated markets. |
| Missouri | No | Yes (partial) | Gas choice for some customers; electricity regulated. |
| Montana | Yes (partial) | Yes (partial) | Limited choice for both; mostly for commercial customers. |
| Nebraska | No | No | Fully regulated; public power state. |
| Nevada | No | Yes (partial) | Gas choice in some areas; electricity deregulation stalled. |
| New Hampshire | Yes | No | Electricity deregulated; gas remains regulated. |
| New Jersey | Yes | Yes | Full choice for both electricity and gas. |
| New Mexico | No | Yes (partial) | Gas choice for some customers; electricity regulated. |
| New York | Yes | Yes | Full choice for both electricity and gas. |
| North Carolina | No | No | Fully regulated markets. |
| North Dakota | No | No | Fully regulated markets. |
| Ohio | Yes | Yes | Full choice for both electricity and gas. |
| Oklahoma | No | Yes (partial) | Gas choice in some areas; electricity regulated. |
| Oregon | Yes (commercial only) | No | Electricity choice for large commercial users; gas regulated. |
| Pennsylvania | Yes | Yes | Full choice for both electricity and gas; a deregulation success story. |
| Rhode Island | Yes | Yes | Full choice for both electricity and gas. |
| South Carolina | No | No | Fully regulated markets. |
| South Dakota | No | No | Fully regulated markets. |
| Tennessee | No | No | Fully regulated markets. |
| Texas | Yes | Yes | Full choice for most areas; some co-ops/munis remain regulated. |
| Utah | No | No | Fully regulated markets. |
| Vermont | No | No | Fully regulated; small market size. |
| Virginia | Yes (partial) | Yes | Electricity choice limited; gas fully deregulated. |
| Washington | No | No | Fully regulated markets. |
| West Virginia | No | Yes | Gas deregulated; electricity remains regulated. |
| Wisconsin | No | Yes (partial) | Gas choice for some customers; electricity regulated. |
| Wyoming | No | Yes (partial) | Gas choice in some areas; electricity regulated. |
As the map and table indicate, many homes and businesses in the US are still operating within regulated energy markets. In regulated markets there is no competition — you pay your local utility directly for the electric/gas they provide you, whatever that (high) cost may be.
Deregulated Natural Gas Markets
As of May 2025, nearly half of US states have introduced some degree of energy deregulation and retail energy choice to homes and businesses within their borders.
Approximately two dozen states — states like Georgia, Massachusetts, and Illinois — operate a deregulated natural gas market. As is the case with electricity, deregulated natural gas markets are where the buying/selling of natural gas is not monopolized and controlled by a single utility. Instead, suppliers are allowed to enter the market to create competition and and hopefully lower the cost of natural gas rates for homes and businesses in that area.